Our community association puts out a monthly newsletter that includes information on sports programs, letters from local politicians, jokes submitted by kids, a list of available babysitters, and the occasional bit of trivia. Recently a tidbit on the history of New Year’s resolutions caught my eye. After a little more research here’s what I’ve learned.
Ancient Babylon
The Ancient Babylonians were the first to hold recorded celebrations of the new year, which took place in the spring, when crops were planted. During a 12-day religious festival they would choose a new king and make promises to their gods to pay their debts. Keeping their resolutions would ensure the gods’ favour during the coming year.
Ancient Rome
Around 46 BC Julius Caesar established January 1st as the beginning of the year. The Romans made promises of good conduct to the two-faced god Janus, who looked backward over the past year and forward to the new.
Middle Ages
In the medieval period knights took the “peacock vow” (les voeux du paon) at the end of the year to reaffirm their commitment to the code of chivalry.
18th Century
New Year’s has traditionally been a time for Christians to look back at their failings and make resolutions for the future. In 1740 John Wesley established Covenant Renewal Services (also known as watchnight services) held on New Year’s Eve or New Year’s Day for Scripture reading, prayer, and singing.
Today
New Year’s resolutions remain popular, though they are usually divorced from any religious motivation or service.
Sources
- “Ancient History of New Year’s Resolutions” by April Holloway via Ancient Origins
- “The History of New Year’s Resolutions” by Sarah Pruitt via The History Channel